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A urologist is a specialist medical professional who is trained to treat urinary tract infections in both men and women. They can treat anything in male and female urinary systems including kidney stones, prostate infections, etc.

The urinary system involves the following:

• Kidneys: Organs that filter out bodily wastes.
• Urethra: A tube in the body through which the urine travels from the bladder and moves out of the body.
• Ureters: These are the tubes that lead the urine to flow from the kidneys to the bladders.
• Bladder: It is a hollow bag-like organ that stores urine.
• Adrenal glands: Hormones released by these glands that are present above each kidney have a vital role in the urinary system.

These specialists can deal with problems related to any of the above-mentioned parts of the urinary system.

Urologists can also manage and deal with male reproductive parts. It including:

• Penis: It is a male reproductive organ that carries urine and sperm out of the body
• Prostrate: It is a gland that is present underneath the bladder and adds a particular kind of fluid to the sperm to produce semen.
• Testicles: They are the sacs present near the penis that make the reproductive hormone testosterone and produce sperm.

Urologists can treat a variety of conditions. Some of them are mentioned below:

In the men’s urinary system:

• Cancers of bladders, kidneys, adrenal glands, prostate, penis, testicles, etc.
• Enlargement of the prostate gland
• Problems with erection or erectile dysfunction
• Kidney problems- stones or infections
• Cysts in the bladder also known as interstitial cystitis
• cases of infertility
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Inflammation of the prostate gland, also known as prostatitis
• Enlargement of the scrotum veins, known as varicoceles

In the women’s urinary system:

• Kidney problems- stones or infections
• Cysts in the bladder also known as interstitial cystitis
• Prolapse growths in the bladder or vagina
• cases of infertility
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Cancers of bladders, kidneys, adrenal glands, prostate, penis, testicles, etc.
• Urinary incontinence

In a child’s urinary system:

• Blockage of the urinary tract
• Bed-wetting
• Testicles that are undescended

• Every urologist has to go through a four-year undergraduate degree, followed by four years of medical school.
• After graduating from medical school, they have to complete four or five years of hospital-based medical training. During this residency program, they will work alongside specialized and top in their field urologists and gain surgical skills.
• Some urologists choose to pursue extra specialization and training for a year or two. This is referred to as a fellowship. They can focus on specifically male genitals, female genitals, or other specializations.
• In the end, each urologist has to get certified by their national medical board to become licensed.

A urologist may further go for specialization or train in the following sub-specialties:

• Endourology
• Laparoscopy
• Pediatric urology
• Andrology
• Reconstructive urology
• Female urology
• Urologic oncology
• Neurourology

A urologist can order one of the following tests to find out the exact condition and cause of the problem that you may be suffering from:

• Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, and other such imaging tests
• Cystogram- Taking images of the insides of the bladder
• Cystoscopy: Using an instrument known as a cystoscopy to look inside the urethra and bladder.
• Post-void residual urine test: Speed at which urine leaves the body while urinating.
• Urinalysis: for bacteria or other sources of infections.
• Urodynamic testing: to check volume and pressure in the bladder.

In cases the mild urinary tract infections become problematic or the general physician is not able to provide quality care for the urinary tract issues, a urologist may be referred.

Some common signs and symptoms that require a visit to a urologist are mentioned below:

• Blood in the urine
• Frequent urination
• Pain in the pelvis, lower back, etc
• Burning sensation or pain while urinating
• Trouble urinating
• Urine leakage
• Weak urine flow with pain
• deep pain in the lower abdomen
• Lump in the testicle, tumors, cancer

A physical examination by the urologist may involve the following:

• A digital rectal exam for males with prostate difficulties. This exam allows the clinician to examine the prostate physically.
• A urethral swab to rule out sexually transmitted infections and blood work to assess your Prostate-Specific Antigen level.
• A pelvic exam may be performed in conjunction with urinalysis for women who have recurrent urinary tract infections.
• A blood panel is often used to detect hormone levels in women with decreased sex drive.
• A cough stress test will be performed on those who have urinary incontinence symptoms to detect urine loss.
• Blood tests and related physical exams will be performed if there are any worries about cancer.

Your doctor will discuss their findings and possible solutions with you after they have evaluated you. The Urologist may prescribe medication, physical therapy, or surgery based on your symptoms.

Finding a doctor before you get sick is a critical step in your health, and you should check with the doctor's experience first, then search for organised and friendly office staff, as well as the ability to work effectively with you; after all, it is your body and health. Begin by inquiring about the names of your friends and family's favourite doctors.

• According to a recent survey, the most valuable technique to find the top doctors in India is to seek a referral from family or friends. You might also look up a doctor's ranking on the internet.
• Examine their credentials; you are not limited to doctors who graduated from the most prestigious medical school, hospital where they completed their residency or practice location.
• Instead, look for a board-certified doctor who is linked with a reputable institution. When compared to unaffiliated community hospitals, academic hospitals perform better in terms of patient safety and favourable outcomes. Before choosing the top doctors in India, you should evaluate the quality of hospitals in India.

Patients who had empathic and involved doctors felt more supported and were better equipped to take control of their own health, according to a new study. As a result, a skilled doctor should pay attention to the patient. As a patient, you can learn more about the prospective doctor and see for yourself whether the staff is pleasant and professional. You can phone them and observe how they greet you; this will tell you whether he or she runs a practice where patients are treated with dignity. You should also feel at ease with the doctor who will be administering your treatment.

Learning never stops in the medical field. Doctors must continually study and update their expertise. Doctors must choose from a number of medical disciplines in order to have a successful and prosperous career. Furthermore, medical specialists are in high demand all around the world. Doctors who possess decent behaviour, are trained in clinical abilities, and have high education is preferred by the patients. Doctors must deal with life and death circumstances, which makes it even more crucial to seek only the best-rated doctors in your area. If you live in India or are travelling from outside, here are some of the best-rated doctors you can consult:

• Cosmetic surgeon
• Bone marrow transplant specialist
• Cardiologist
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• Ayurvedic doctor
• Orthopaedist
• Nephrologist & Urologist
• Paediatrician
• Dermatologist
• Cancer Care specialist
• Spine specialists
• Plastic Surgeons
• Vascular Surgeons
• Gastroenterologist
• Colorectal Surgeons
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India has some of the best medical care and treatment options in the country. Visitors from all over the world come to experience the top-class treatments, making it a famous and popular travel destination. Foreigners are welcome to visit the country's certified physicians and nurses. Everyone's health is a priority, especially in the midst of the covid-19 pandemic. Many general practitioners from around the world have referred their patients to India for specialised treatments. The following are some of the most popular therapies in India:

• Neurosciences
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• Face Lift
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In hospitals, there is a doctor hierarchy with varying levels of responsibility and training. Regardless of specialisation, a doctor can advance to any level in this hierarchy depending on ambition and training. The level of expertise of a doctor or surgeon varies according to their level in the organization. India’s healthcare sector is teeming with doctors, varying from highly-trained specialists with 10-20 years of expertise to those who are new to the professional field. Fellows and interns can be found working in a wide range of hospitals, especially those linked with a medical school or institute. After examining their degree of knowledge, the patient must make a decision and select the appropriate doctor/specialist. When looking for competency, financial considerations come into play as well; the higher the cost of visits and treatment, the better the doctor's expertise. A patient can visit a healthcare provider of their choice after carefully analysing all of their individual preferences and prioritising the medical concern.

Although India has a large healthcare system, there are still significant-quality discrepancies between rural and urban areas, as well as between public and private healthcare providers. Despite this, due to the relatively low costs and good quality of its private institutions, India is a popular destination for medical tourists. International travellers who come to India for sophisticated medical care should expect to rely on private hospitals. Other medical tourism hotspots in India include Bengaluru, Chandigarh Capital Region (CCR), Delhi NCR (including Gurugram and Faridabad), Jaipur, Kerala, Kolkata, and Mumbai. Hisar Medicity is a planned and under construction hub. The government has abolished visa limitations on tourist visas that required people from Gulf nations to wait two months between visits, which is expected to increase medical tourism. For tourists from certain countries, a visa-on-arrival scheme has been implemented, allowing foreign nationals to stay in India for 30 days for medical reasons. Bangladeshis, Afghans, Maldivians, Republic of Korea citizens, and Nigerians received the most medical visas in 2016. Despite the diversity of Indian languages, English is the official language and is widely spoken by the majority of the population making it easy for tourists to choose India as their preferred medical destination.