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Hematologists are the professionals who have certification and training in the diagnosis and treatment of blood and other related parts such as bone marrow. A hematology physician specializes in the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of blood and lymphatic system-related problems. If you're at risk of a problem that involves red or white blood cells, platelets, blood vessels, bone marrow, lymph nodes, or the spleen, you may be asked by your general physician to visit a hematologist.

• A hematologist is trained with 4 years of an undergraduate degree from a certified medical school which is followed by a period of junior residency of two years in a specific area of internal medicine.
• After completing the period of residency, a hematologist may go for MD/MS to gain further training. They can carry on with a four-year fellowship in a subspeciality like pediatric hematology to become a specified professional.
• Some professionals may opt to complete their DO instead to become specialized.
• They have to pass an exam of their country’s medical board to become a certified practitioner.

A hematologist may decide to get subspeciality in any of the following:

Hemoglobinopathy: A protein that is present in all the red blood cells is known as hemoglobin. Any abnormality with it can lead to health issues like sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, pain, etc.

Hematological malignancies: This type of specialist is concerned primarily with treating blood cancers that involve, myeloma and lymphoma.

Anemias: Anemia is a health condition that leads to low levels of red blood cells, and hemoglobin in the body. This leads to feelings of weakness, unusual tiredness, and muscle weakness.

Coagulopathy: This is a condition that is associated with disordered bleeding like hemophilia.

A hematologist can treat a variety of conditions that primarily impact the blood such as:

• Anemia: When the body produces less number of healthy red blood cells the body becomes oxygen-deprived and suffers from anemia.
• Thrombocytopenia: A low platelet count leading to difficulty in clots formation.
• Malaria: An infection that can destroy the RBCs.
• Sickle cell disease: Change in shape of red blood cells due to anemia.
• Thalassemia: Inability of the body to make enough hemoglobin.
• Bleeding disorders: Inability of the blood to form clots.
• Hypercoagulability: The increased tendency of the blood to clot.
• Blood cancers
• Von Willebrand’s disease: A bleeding disorder that occurs in people due to deficiency of a blood protein known as von Willebrand factor.
• Thrombosis: Blood vessel clotting

A hematologist can perform any of the following tests:

• Complete blood count
• Platelet count
• Bone marrow biopsy
• Blood enzyme tests
• Blood transfusions
• Prothrombin time
• International normalized ratio
• Partial thromboplastin time

One should visit a hematologist in case of the following signs and symptoms:

• Weight loss
• easy bruising
• discomfort in spleen
• fatigue
• swollen lymph nodes
• Visual problems
• Ringing ear

A person is referred to a hematologist in case of a blood disorder or requirement of expert opinion in a specific procedure.

It is essential to tell the physician all the symptoms you've been having, including their timing, length, and intensity, before visiting with a hematologist for the first time.

It is also beneficial to have a list of questions prepared to ask on the first visit to a hematologist including:

• What is involved in the testing process?
• What tests should I go through?
• What is the meaning of my symptoms?
• How can I manage my condition?
• What is the successful path towards its treatment?