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Dr. Eyup Cosar

Urologist & Andrologist
Sivas, Turkey
10 Years of experience

Frequently Asked Questions

Who is a Urologist?

A urologist is a specialist medical professional who is trained to treat urinary tract infections in both men and women. They can treat anything in male and female urinary systems including kidney stones, prostate infections, etc.

The urinary system involves the following:

  • Kidneys: Organs that filter out bodily wastes.
  • Urethra: A tube in the body through which the urine travels from the bladder and moves out of the body.
  • Ureters: These are the tubes that lead the urine to flow from the kidneys to the bladders.
  • Bladder: It is a hollow bag-like organ that stores urine.
  • Adrenal glands: Hormones released by these glands that are present above each kidney have a vital role in the urinary system.

These specialists can deal with problems related to any of the above-mentioned parts of the urinary system.

Urologists can also manage and deal with male reproductive parts. It including:

  • Penis: It is a male reproductive organ that carries urine and sperm out of the body
  • Prostrate: It is a gland that is present underneath the bladder and adds a particular kind of fluid to the sperm to produce semen.
  • Testicles: They are the sacs present near the penis that make the reproductive hormone testosterone and produce sperm.

What conditions do Urologists treat?

Urologists can treat a variety of conditions. Some of them are mentioned below:

In the men’s urinary system:

  • Cancers of bladders, kidneys, adrenal glands, prostate, penis, testicles, etc.
  • Enlargement of the prostate gland
  • Problems with erection or erectile dysfunction
  • Kidney problems- stones or infections
  • Cysts in the bladder also known as interstitial cystitis
  • cases of infertility
  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
  • Inflammation of the prostate gland, also known as prostatitis
  • Enlargement of the scrotum veins, known as varicoceles

In the women’s urinary system:

  • Kidney problems- stones or infections
  • Cysts in the bladder also known as interstitial cystitis
  • Prolapse growths in the bladder or vagina
  • cases of infertility
  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
  • Cancers of bladders, kidneys, adrenal glands, prostate, penis, testicles, etc.
  • Urinary incontinence

In a child’s urinary system:

  • Blockage of the urinary tract
  • Bed-wetting
  • Testicles that are undescended

What are the qualifications of a Urologist?

  • Every urologist has to go through a four-year undergraduate degree, followed by four years of medical school.
  • After graduating from medical school, they have to complete four or five years of hospital-based medical training. During this residency program, they will work alongside specialized and top in their field urologists and gain surgical skills.
  • Some urologists choose to pursue extra specialization and training for a year or two. This is referred to as a fellowship. They can focus on specifically male genitals, female genitals, or other specializations.
  • In the end, each urologist has to get certified by their national medical board to become licensed.

What are the sub-specialties of a Urologist?

A urologist may further go for specialization or train in the following sub-specialties:

  • Endourology
  • Laparoscopy
  • Pediatric urology
  • Andrology
  • Reconstructive urology
  • Female urology
  • Urologic oncology
  • Neurourology

What diagnostic tests are required by a Urologist?

A urologist can order one of the following tests to find out the exact condition and cause of the problem that you may be suffering from:

  • Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, and other such imaging tests
  • Cystogram- Taking images of the insides of the bladder
  • Cystoscopy: Using an instrument known as a cystoscopy to look inside the urethra and bladder.
  • Post-void residual urine test: Speed at which urine leaves the body while urinating.
  • Urinalysis: for bacteria or other sources of infections.
  • Urodynamic testing: to check volume and pressure in the bladder.

When should you visit a Urologist?

In cases the mild urinary tract infections become problematic or the general physician is not able to provide quality care for the urinary tract issues, a urologist may be referred.

Some common signs and symptoms that require a visit to a urologist are mentioned below:

  • Blood in the urine
  • Frequent urination
  • Pain in the pelvis, lower back, etc
  • Burning sensation or pain while urinating
  • Trouble urinating
  • Urine leakage
  • Weak urine flow with pain
  • deep pain in the lower abdomen
  • Lump in the testicle, tumors, cancer

What can you expect from your first visit with a Urologist?

A physical examination by the urologist may involve the following:

  • A digital rectal exam for males with prostate difficulties. This exam allows the clinician to examine the prostate physically.
  • A urethral swab to rule out sexually transmitted infections and blood work to assess your Prostate-Specific Antigen level.
  • A pelvic exam may be performed in conjunction with urinalysis for women who have recurrent urinary tract infections.
  • A blood panel is often used to detect hormone levels in women with decreased sex drive.
  • A cough stress test will be performed on those who have urinary incontinence symptoms to detect urine loss.
  • Blood tests and related physical exams will be performed if there are any worries about cancer.

Your doctor will discuss their findings and possible solutions with you after they have evaluated you. The Urologist may prescribe medication, physical therapy, or surgery based on your symptoms.

How to choose the best doctors in Sivas?

Finding a doctor that is best for you can be a difficult task. To make it easier it is important to undergo some research and find out which doctors are most preferred by the previous patients. In Sivas, all the doctors have to complete a minimum amount of education and qualification before they can start seeing patients and provide treatment to them. The city has many specialists as well as general doctors with excellent clinical skills. The patients are usually required to visit a general doctor first. In case you need to see a specialist, you might need to take a referral from your general physician first. Medical tourists who come to Sivas for availing treatments are more likely to go for specialised care. If you have health insurance, you can ask for a list of doctors and hospitals from which you can make the most suitable choice. Many hospitals in Sivas have English-speaking/multilingual staff, making it easy for foreign tourists to receive quality care. You might contact consulates or ask friends and neighbours if they know of any English-speaking doctors in the region. Before being admitted to a hospital for treatment, patients who have a social security number must enrol with their doctor and see him or her at least once. You have the option of changing physicians after six months if you don't like your current physician. There are many factors to consider, and you may need to ask a lot of questions in order to choose the ideal doctor for you. Here are a few questions that you must ask yourself before choosing the best doctor for you:

  • What all doctors are listed under your health insurance?
  • What is the accreditation status of the healthcare facility you are planning to visit?
  • How far is the doctor’s office?
  • Is the doctor available in case of an emergency?
  • Whether or not you like the personality of your doctor?

Unless there is an emergency, it is customary in Sivas to seek referrals from a general practitioner before contacting a specialist. It's best to schedule a specialist visit at least a week in advance. A doctor's prescription is required for all MRI scans, ultrasounds, and lab tests. The most crucial consideration is whether or not you trust your healthcare provider. It takes time and effort to find the best doctor for you.

Which are some of the most common types of doctors patients seek out in Sivas?

While in Sivas, patients seek a doctor that can support their health, provide the right preventative guidance, diagnosis & treatment options and is good at communicating with them. For expats, one of the most important requirements is to find a doctor who is fluent in the language they understand. Sivas is a city in Turkey, which in other words means that all the medical communication, reports and documentation between doctors and patients is generally conducted in Turkish. Therefore, seeking a doctor who can converse in English, or any other language you are comfortable in, is important. Many hospitals provide interpreter services in Sivas. Some of the most common types of doctors patients seek out in Sivas are listed below:

  • Plastic Surgeon
  • Fertility specialists
  • Dentist
  • Physiotherapist
  • Dermatologist
  • Ophthalmologist
  • Bariatric specialist
  • Gastroenterologist
  • Neurologists

Which are the most popular treatments availed in Sivas?

Sivas has long been known for its superb thermal treatment resorts, some of which have been in operation since the Roman era. In modern times, Sivas’s hospitals and healthcare institutions provide a wide range of treatment options and services for medical tourists, including but not limited to:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Fertility and Sterility
  • General and Aesthetic Dentistry
  • Psoriasis Treatment
  • Physiotherapy
  • Oxygen Therapy
  • Beauty treatments
  • Eye Health
  • Obesity and Bariatric Surgery
  • Renal Dialysis
  • Stem Cell Transplantations
  • Sleep Disorders

What is the level of expertise which is offered by doctors and surgeons in Sivas?

The level of expertise offered by doctors in Sivas varies greatly. From highly trained doctors who have years of experience in clinical practice to new doctors who have lesser experience and training in the field. The doctors may offer different consultation fees depending on their level of expertise. Many doctors in the city speak multiple languages (they can speak in English, Spanish, German, etc. It is best to ask from your consulates for a doctor who speaks in your desired language as naturally, Turkish is the most widely spoken language in Sivas. Some doctors practising in Sivas have completed their medical degrees in the United States and Europe. All in all, it is the patient’s preference and choice. They decide what kind of doctor (how much experience) they want to see.